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Evaluation of the root canal number and morphology of maxillary premolars using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in an Iranian subpopulation
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Fatemeh Aminimanesh   , Azadeh Torkzadeh * , Amin Mortaheb , Hamed Hajimokhtari |
| Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Isf.c, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran |
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Abstract: (15 Views) |
Background: There is considerable diversity in the number and shape of canals in each root, the number of roots, and the occurrence of root fusion in permanent maxillary premolars. This study aimed to investigate the morphology of the root and root canal of the first and second maxillary premolars using Cone Beam Computed Tomography.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study included 109 CBCT samples from patients referred to the radiology department at the Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Isfahan. The number of roots, the number of canals, and canal structure were identified and evaluated using Vertucci's classification. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests (α=0.05).
Results: In the first maxillary premolar, 71.6% of the teeth had two roots, while in the second premolar, 89.2% of the teeth had one root. Most teeth had two canals in the first maxillary premolar (98.6%) and a single canal in the second maxillary premolar (67.7%). Type IV was the most common canal structure in the first maxillary premolars, while type I was the most prevalent type in the second maxillary premolars. The greatest root curvature in both the first and second premolars was straight in the mesiodistal and buccolingual directions. There was a significant difference in the mesiodistal direction in the first premolar (P=0.038) and the second premolar (P=0.001), as well as in the number of canals (P=0.001) and canal type (P=0.01) in the second premolar regarding gender, while no differences were observed in other cases between males and females.
Conclusion: The number of roots and canals, and the type of canal, differed between the first and second premolars; however, in the mesiodistal and buccolingual directions, the first and second premolars were similar. There was no significant difference in the number of roots or buccolingual direction between the first and second premolars, nor in the number of canals or canal type of the first premolar by gender. In contrast, significant differences were observed in the mesiodistal direction of the first and second premolars and in the number of canals and canal type of the second premolar.
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Full-Text [PDF 414 kb]
(6 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology
Received: 2025/02/16 | Accepted: 2026/02/21 | Published: 2026/04/6
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