en رادیولوژی دهان فک صورت Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology پژوهشي Research <strong>Background: </strong>This study used CBCT to determine anatomical landmarks in the submandibular region, which is crucial to avoid implant surgery complications.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study measured height, deepest points of the submandibular gland fossa, and the starting point of the concavity between the alveolar crest and the upper wall of the alveolar canal in 130 CBCTs of 60 men and 70 women between the ages of 40 and 70. Independent t-tests, Fisher&rsquo;s exact tests, chi-square tests, and Pearson correlation coefficient tests, were used to analysed data (&alpha;=0.05).<br> <strong>Results:</strong> Men had higher mean height and depth of submandibular fossa. Fossa depth in women was mostly <2mm, while this was between 2-3 mm in men. The mean angle of the submandibular cavity did not show a significant difference between men and women (p=0.187). The depth of the submandibular cavity and angle were positively and significantly related (p<0.001, r=0.529). However, gender showed no significant relationship with<br> the position of the mandibular canal with the deepest point of the submandibular gland fossa (p=0.858) and the<br> starting point of the undercut (p=0.211). The deepest point above the inferior alveolar canal and the most fre- quent starting point of the undercut was in the middle one-third between the alveolar crest and the inferior alveolar canal for all genders.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It is important to evaluate the concavity and thickness of the alveolar bone in the submandibular fossa using CBCT during implant treatment, especially in men because of the greater depth of the concavity. Anatomy, Dental Implants, Cone-Beam Computed Tomography 26 32 http://cofs.khuisf.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-21&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Farzad Mastary Farahani 1003194753284600182 1003194753284600182 No Department of oral and maxillofacial radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfa- han (khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad university, Isfahan, Iran Roshanak Ghaffari 1003194753284600183 1003194753284600183 Yes Department of oral and maxillofacial radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfa- han (khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad university, Isfahan, Iran ShirinZahra Farhad 1003194753284600184 1003194753284600184 No Department of periodontics, Faculty of dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran